Properly stratified algebras and tilting

We study the properties of tilting modules in the context of properly stratified algebras. In particular, we answer the question when the Ringel dual of a properly stratified algebra is properly stratified itself, and show that the class of properly stratified algebras for which the characteristic tilting and cotilting modules coincide is closed under taking the Ringel dual. Studying stratified algebras, whose Ringel dual is properly stratified, we discover a new Ringel-type duality for such algebras, which we call the two-step duality. This duality arises from the existence of a new (generalized) tilting module for stratified algebras with properly stratified Ringel dual. We show that this new tilting module has a lot of interesting properties, for instance, its projective dimension equals the projectively defined finitistic dimension of the original algebra, it guarantees that the category of modules of finite projective dimension is contravariantly finite, and, finally, it allows one to compute the finitistic dimension of the original algebra in terms of the projective dimension of the characteristic tilting module.Comment: A revised version of the preprint 2003:31, Department of Mathematics, Uppsala Universit

Hydroxyl, water, ammonia, carbon monoxide and neutral carbon towards the Sgr A complex

We observed OH, H$_2$O, HN$_3$, C$^{18}$O, and C$_I$ towards the +50 km/s cloud (M-0.02-0.07), the CND and the +20 km/s (M-0.13-0.08) cloud in the Sgr A complex with the VLA, Odin and SEST. Strong OH absorption, H$_2$O emission and absorption lines were seen at all three positions. Strong C$^{18}$O emissions were seen towards the +50 and +20 km/s clouds. The CND is rich in H$_2$O and OH, and these abundances are considerably higher than in the surrounding clouds, indicating that shocks, star formation and clump collisions prevail in those objects. A comparison with the literature reveals that it is likely that PDR chemistry including grain surface reactions, and perhaps also the influences of shocks has led to the observed abundances of the observed molecular species studied here. In the redward high-velocity line wings of both the +50 and +20 km/s clouds and the CND, the very high H$_2$O abundances are suggested to be caused by the combined action of shock desorption from icy grain mantles and high-temperature, gas-phase shock chemistry. Only three of the molecules are briefly discussed here. For OH and H$_2$O three of the nine observed positions are shown, while a map of the C$^{18}$O emission is provided. An extensive paper was recently published with Open Access (Karlsson et al. 2013; http://www.aanda.org/articles/aa/pdf/2013/06/aa20471-12.pdf ).Comment: Proc. of a Conf. on IAU Symposium No.303: The Galactic Center: Feeding and Feedback in a Normal Galactic Nucleus 2013, Santa Fe, NM (USA

Circumstellar water vapour in M-type AGB stars: Constraints from H2O(1_10 - 1_01) lines obtained with Odin

Aims: Spectrally resolved circumstellar H2O(1_10 - 1_01) lines have been obtained towards three M-type AGB stars using the Odin satellite. This provides additional strong constrains on the properties of circumstellar H2O and the circumstellar envelope. Methods: ISO and Odin satellite H2O line data are used as constraints for radiative transfer models. Special consideration is taken to the spectrally resolved Odin line profiles, and the effect of excitation to the first excited vibrational states of the stretching modes (nu1=1 and nu3=1) on the derived abundances is estimated. A non-local, radiative transfer code based on the ALI formalism is used. Results: The H2O abundance estimates are in agreement with previous estimates. The inclusion of the Odin data sets stronger constraints on the size of the H2O envelope. The H2O(1_10 - 1_01) line profiles require a significant reduction in expansion velocity compared to the terminal gas expansion velocity determined in models of CO radio line emission, indicating that the H2O emission lines probe a region where the wind is still being accelerated. Including the nu3=1 state significantly lowers the estimated abundances for the low-mass-loss-rate objects. This shows the importance of detailed modelling, in particular the details of the infrared spectrum in the range 3 to 6 micron, to estimate accurate circumstellar H2O abundances. Conclusions: Spectrally resolved circumstellar H2O emission lines are important probes of the physics and chemistry in the inner regions of circumstellar envelopes around asymptotic giant branch stars. Predictions for H2O emission lines in the spectral range of the upcoming Herschel/HIFI mission indicate that these observations will be very important in this context.Comment: accepted in A&A, 10 pages, 8 figure

Educação integral, institucionalização do tempo livre: outras lógicas educacionais no contexto Luso-Brasileiro

A finalidade principal do presente artigo é refletir sobre os debates que circundam a educação integral. Baseado em revisão bibliográfica de estudos específicos sobre essa temática, propõe um breve diálogo entre concepções de educação integral no Brasil e em Portugal, articulando-as com propostas no campo da educação não formal. São apresentadas observações sobre as peculiaridades da educação integral em ambos os países, atentos para outros jeitos de organizar o processo educacional, escapando de uma única lógica e do risco de institucionalização cada vez maior do tempo livre.The main purpose of the article is to reflect on the debates surrounding full-time education, and based on a bibliographical review of specific studies on the subject, to propose a brief dialogue between the conceptions of full-time education in Brazil and Portugal, articulating them with proposals in the field of non-formal education. Observations on the peculiarities of full-time education in both countries are presented here, attentive to other ways of organizing the educational process, escaping from a single logic and the risk of institutionalization of free time. Keywords: Full-time education; Non-formal and informal education; Community interventio

ISO-SWS calibration and the accurate modelling of cool-star atmospheres - IV. G9 to M2 stars

presented. The 2.38 -- 4.08 micron wavelength-range of band 1 of ISO-SWS (Short-Wavelength Spectrometers on board of the Infrared Space Observatory) in which many different molecules -- with their own dependence on each of the stellar parameters -- are absorbing, enables us to estimate the effective temperature, the gravity, the microturbulence, the metallicity, the CNO-abundances, the 12C/13C-ratio and the angular diameter from the ISO-SWS data. Using the Hipparcos' parallax, the radius, luminosity and gravity-inferred mass are derived. The stellar parameters obtained are in good agreement with other published values, though also some discrepancies with values deduced by other authors are noted. For a few stars (Delta Dra, Xi Dra, Alpha Tuc, H Sco and Alpha Cet) some parameters -- e.g. the CNO-abundances -- are derived for the first time. By examining the correspondence between different ISO-SWS observations of the same object and between the ISO-SWS data and the corresponding synthetic spectrum, it is shown that the relative accuracy of ISO-SWS in band 1 (2.38 -- 4.0 micron) is better than 2% for these high-flux sources. The high level of correspondence between observations and theoretical predictions, together with a confrontation of the estimated Teff(ISO) value with Teff-values derived from colours -- which demonstrates the consistency between V-K, BC(K), Teff and the angular diameter derived from optical or IR data -- proves that both the used MARCS models to derive the stellar quantities and the flux calibration of the ISO-SWS detectors have reached a high level of reliability.Comment: 19 pages, 15 figures; Astronomy and Astrophysics, in press; preprints can be obtained by contacting [email protected] or via WWW on http://www.ster.kuleuven.ac.be/~leen or via anonymous ftp on ftp://ftp.ster.kuleuven.ac.be/dist/leen/latex/h3318 Appendix electronically available (26 pages, 22 figures

Cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease, and diabetes mortality burden of cardiometabolic risk factors from 1980 to 2010: A comparative risk assessment

Background: High blood pressure, blood glucose, serum cholesterol, and BMI are risk factors for cardiovascular diseases and some of these factors also increase the risk of chronic kidney disease and diabetes. We estimated mortality from cardiovascular diseases, chronic kidney disease, and diabetes that was attributable to these four cardiometabolic risk factors for all countries and regions from 1980 to 2010. Methods: We used data for exposure to risk factors by country, age group, and sex from pooled analyses of population-based health surveys. We obtained relative risks for the effects of risk factors on cause-specific mortality from meta-analyses of large prospective studies. We calculated the population attributable fractions for each risk factor alone, and for the combination of all risk factors, accounting for multicausality and for mediation of the effects of BMI by the other three risks. We calculated attributable deaths by multiplying the cause-specific population attributable fractions by the number of disease-specific deaths. We obtained cause-specific mortality from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors 2010 Study. We propagated the uncertainties of all the inputs to the final estimates. Findings: In 2010, high blood pressure was the leading risk factor for deaths due to cardiovascular diseases, chronic kidney disease, and diabetes in every region, causing more than 40% of worldwide deaths from these diseases; high BMI and glucose were each responsible for about 15% of deaths, and high cholesterol for more than 10%. After accounting for multicausality, 63% (10·8 million deaths, 95% CI 10·1-11·5) of deaths from these diseases in 2010 were attributable to the combined effect of these four metabolic risk factors, compared with 67% (7·1 million deaths, 6·6-7·6) in 1980. The mortality burden of high BMI and glucose nearly doubled from 1980 to 2010. At the country level, age-standardised death rates from these diseases attributable to the combined effects of these four risk factors surpassed 925 deaths per 100 000 for men in Belarus, Kazakhstan, and Mongolia, but were less than 130 deaths per 100 000 for women and less than 200 for men in some high-income countries including Australia, Canada, France, Japan, the Netherlands, Singapore, South Korea, and Spain. Interpretation: The salient features of the cardiometabolic disease and risk factor epidemic at the beginning of the 21st century are high blood pressure and an increasing effect of obesity and diabetes. The mortality burden of cardiometabolic risk factors has shifted from high-income to low-income and middle-income countries. Lowering cardiometabolic risks through dietary, behavioural, and pharmacological interventions should be a part of the global response to non-communicable diseases. Funding: UK Medical Research Council, US National Institutes of Health. © 2014 Elsevier Ltd

Om jag inte fått dansa, vem hade jag varit då? : en studie om dans och självkänsla

Syfte och frågeställningar Syftet med denna studie är att ta reda på om elever som gått igenom gymnasiets estetiska dansprogram upplever att de genom dansen utvecklat/stärkt olika psykosociala förmågor samt fysiska kapaciteter. De frågeställningar studien utgick ifrån är: Uppger eleverna att dans som uttrycksform stärker självkänsla, självförtroende och självmedvetenhet? Uppger eleverna att dans som uttrycksform stärker kroppskontroll/kroppskännedom? Uppger eleverna att dans som uttrycksform utvecklar den sociala förmågan? Är det någon del av dansen (dansundervisningen) som verkar vara speciellt utvecklande vad gäller ovanstående frågeställningar? Metod Metoden som använts är en kvantitativ enkät med till viss del kvalitativa ansatser, där före detta elever på gymnasiets estetiska program med dansinsriktning utgjort undersökningsgruppen. Totalt inkom 45 svar och dessa har analyserats kvantitativt och tolkats utifrån ett abduktivt teoretiskt ramverk bestående av fenomenologi, socialpsykologi med stöd av tidigare forskning. Resultat Resultaten visar att majoriteten av eleverna upplever att dansen har bidragit till (i stor utsträckning eller delvis) att stärka deras självkänsla, självförtroende, självmedvetenhet, kroppskontroll/kroppskännedom samt till att öka deras sociala förmåga. De delar inom dansundervisningen som visat sig vara mest utvecklande för de psykosociala förmågorna är möjligheten att stå på scen, improvisationen samt det egna skapandet. De fysiska kapaciteterna upplevdes mest utvecklas av möjligheten att stå på scen, improvisation samt mötet med olika dansstilar. Slutsats Slutsatsen är att genom mötet med dansen som uttrycksform och dansundervisningen som vilar på skolans värdegrund ökar danselevens psykosociala förutsättningar och fysiska kapaciteter. Detta verkar ske framförallt när eleven får arbeta kreativt och kommunikativt i en trygg miljö. En lärmiljö som utgår från en holistisk syn där kroppen får vara både subjekt och objekt, där en sund kroppsuppfattning råder kan då ge eleven chans att utveckla en god självkänsla.  Aim The aim with this study was to find out whether former students of the upper secondary school dance-program, experience that they through dance have enhanced/strengthened certain psychological and social abilities as well as physical capacities. The questions asked in relation to the aim where: Do the students mention that dance as expression strengthens self-esteem, self-confidence and self-awareness? Do the students mention that dance as expression strengthens body-control/body-awareness? Do the students mention that dance as expression helps enhancing the social ability? Is there any part of dance (the dance-education) that seems to be particularly part of the development according to the questions asked? Method The method being used is a quantitative questionnaire with some qualitative approaches where former students of the upper secondary school aesthetic dance-program have been part of the subject group. A total of 45 answers where collected and they have been analysed quantitatively and interpreted from an abductive theoretical framework consisting of phenomenology, social psychology and by the support of earlier research in dance. Results The results show that a majority of the students experience that dance has contributed to (to great extent or partly) strengthen their self-esteem, self-confidence, self-awareness, body-control/body-awareness and enhancing their social ability. The parts of the dance-education that turned out to be particularly enhancing the psychosocial abilities where; the possibility to be on stage, improvisation and the self-creating work.  The physiological capacities that the students experienced most enhancing where; the possibility to be on stage, improvisation and meeting different dance-styles. Conclusions The conclusion is that through meeting dance as expression and dance-education, based on the values of the schools steering documents, the dance-students psychosocial abilities and physical capacities enhances. This seems mainly being referred to when the student can work creative and with communication in a safe environment. A learning-environment based on a holistic point of view where the body can be both subject and object, where a healthy view of the body reigns, might give the student a chance for developing a good sense of self.

On Stratified Algebras and Lie Superalgebras

This thesis, consisting of three papers and a summary, studies properties of stratified algebras and representations of Lie superalgebras. In Paper I we give a characterization when the Ringel dual of an SSS-algebra is properly stratified. We show that for an SSS-algebra, whose Ringel dual is properly stratified, there is a (generalized) tilting module which allows one to compute the finitistic dimension of the SSS-algebra, and moreover, it gives rise to a new covariant Ringel-type duality. In Paper II we give a characterization of standardly stratified algebras in terms of certain filtrations of (left or right) projective modules, generalizing the corresponding theorem of V. Dlab. We extend the notion of Ringel duality to standardly stratified algebras and estimate their finitistic dimension in terms of endomorphism algebras of standard modules. Paper III deals with the queer Lie superalgebra and the corresponding BGG-category O. We show that the typical blocks correspond to standardly stratified algebras, and we generalize Kostant's Theorem to the queer Lie superalgebra

Ett federalt Indien hållbart i ett längre perspektiv

Validerat; 20101217 (root